About the SPAC Water Potential systems:

All systems are built upon the ICT International Datalogger, which is optimised for the DB² data handling platform. Providing an all-in-one datalogger, with power management and data handling, the datalogger platform is expandable with optional communication and sensor expansion modules.

The systems contain all parts required for the installation of the system, enabling the deployment of the system from the box.

Data

The SPAC Water Potential Systems measures the following parameters which can be visualised in the DB² platform:

Tier 1 Sensors (SPACWP-T1):

A low powered solution, these sensors are combined with a standalone data logger/communication system due to the very low power that these sensors consume. This low power consumption, combined with reliable and proven technologies make the ideal solution for widespread data collection networks across a study site.

• Tensiometer: Providing measurements of the soil water potential, available in various lengths, the tensiometer measures the tension that exists between then dry and wet soil, and the tensiometer ceramic. This measurements reflects the ability of water to move through the soil.
• Dendrometer: Measuring at a high temporal frequency with a 0.0001 mm increment the contraction and expansion of the plant, the dendrometer provides a long-term indication of the response to available water, driven by the atmospheric demands. Available with either the band dendrometer, with 60mm of measurement range, or the pivot dendrometer for use on small stems and branches, with 40mm of measurement range.
• Vaisala HMP60: For the measurement of vapour pressure deficit (VPD), a reliable, robust, and proven sensors is essential. The Vaisala HMP range of temperature and humidity sensors utilise a replaceable calibration chip that ensures high quality data is collected for the calculation of VPD – the atmospheric driver within the soil, plant, atmosphere continuum. The temperature/humidity sensor includes a matt radiation shield to reduce reflection, ensuring that there is minimal measurement interference.
• Power System: Using the Standalone power option, due to the passive nature of the sensors used, this system can run on primary batteries for extended periods of time, even when configured as an IoT logger using LoRaWAN or CAT-M1.

Tier 2 Sensors (SPACWP-T2):

With external solar power, the Tier 2 sensors are ideal for long-term installation

• TM7 Tensiomark: An SDI-12 sensor that measures the soil water potential, the TM7 is a low maintenance sensor that is ideal for installation as part of a SPAC monitoring system.
• Dendrometer: Measuring at a high temporal frequency with a 0.0001 mm increment the contraction and expansion of the plant, the dendrometer provides a long-term indication of the response to available water, driven by the atmospheric demands. Available with either the band dendrometer, with 60mm of measurement range, or the pivot dendrometer for use on small stems and branches, with 40mm of measurement range.
• Vaisala HMP110: The HMP110 builds upon the benefits of the HMP60, but is a higher accuracy for both humidity (±1.5 %RH vs ±3 %RH) and temperature (±0.1 °C vs ±0.5 °C)
• Power System: Supplied with the Low Power system containing a 10-watt solar panel and matching mount, and an internal 6,000mAh battery. The power system can be expanded with a supplementary 10-watt solar panel and mount to provide additional charge when used in low light conditions (EP-L).

Tier 3 Sensors (SPACWP-T3):

The Tier 3 sensors provide a high-quality research platform for detailed measurement of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Integrating the SDI-12 Psychrometer for continuous non-destructive measurement of plant water potential, along with a highly responsive and accurate temperature humidity sensor, the tier 3 sensor suite provides the benchmark system for researchers to build their experiments around.

• TM7 Tensiomark: An SDI-12 sensor that measures the soil water potential, the TM7 is a low maintenance sensor that is ideal for installation as part of a SPAC monitoring system for the absolute measurement of water potential.
• SDI-12 Psychrometer: Enabling the simultaneous measurement of the plant water potential, the soil water potential, and the atmospheric demand, the SDI-12 Psychrometer revolutionises the study of the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. Bringing the proven measurement technology from the PSY1 Psychrometer into and SDI-12 unit, the ability to continuously measure plant water potential at the same time every day from the same plant,
• Vaisala HMP155: The HMP155 provides a highly accurate, traceable, temperature and humidity probe for leading research applications. Individually adjusted and calibrated using a six-point calibration across humidity ranges from completely dry to near saturated, the HMP155 is the temperature and humidity sensor for high quality measurements.
• Power System: Supplied with the High-Power system containing a 20-watt solar panel and matching mount, and an internal 13,000mAh battery. The power system can be expanded with a supplementary 20-watt solar panel and mount to provide additional charge when used in low light conditions (EP-H).

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